This research brief from the Office of Child Support Enforcement identifies findings from a five-site Parenting Time Opportunities for Children (PTOC) grant. The grant, awarded to child support agencies in California, Florida, Indiana, Ohio, and Oregon, was intended to demonstrate how child support agencies can include parenting time orders in child support enforcement actions. The brief describes how increases in noncustodial parenting time, with safeguards in place for child welfare, led to improved relationships and increased compliance with child support payment orders.

This Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation report evaluates two approaches for subsidized employment targeted for Los Angeles County TANF recipients. The report compares the two programs to analyze which appears to be more effective. It also analyzes the effects of the two programs on employment and earnings, receiving TANF, total income, and overall well-being compared to the absence of subsidized employment, and examines the cost-benefits of these models.